The United States and Iran have signed a memorandum of understanding to end the war between them, with the U.S. lifting its naval blockade on Iran and promising to terminate all sanctions against Tehran. The agreement also commits both nations to ending military operations in Lebanon and other conflict zones. However, reports indicate that Israel has continued airstrikes in Lebanon, with at least 18 people killed in overnight attacks, according to Lebanese media. Israel confirmed four of its soldiers were killed in southern Lebanon.
Key Terms of the Agreement
The memorandum includes a 60-day negotiating period to finalize a broader deal on Iran's nuclear program. The U.S. has pledged to lift all sanctions, including those imposed by the United Nations, though the EU and Australia have indicated they will not automatically comply. The agreement also calls for the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, a critical waterway for global oil and gas trade.
Reactions and Criticism
U.S. President Donald Trump has defended the deal, stating that the Iranian regime is weakened and that the agreement will diminish its military capabilities. Vice President JD Vance has criticized Israeli critics of the deal, asserting that Trump is Israel's only ally. However, analysts have raised concerns about the agreement's feasibility, particularly the U.S.'s ability to unilaterally lift UN sanctions. Some have described the deal as strategically and financially costly for the U.S.
Casualties and Reporting Challenges
Official figures indicate that over 7,300 people have been killed in Iran and Lebanon since the conflict began in February, including hundreds of children and healthcare workers. However, experts warn that the true death toll may never be known due to restricted reporting and government-imposed blackouts. The Iranian government reports 3,468 deaths, while independent groups like HRANA estimate higher figures, citing difficulties in verifying casualties.
Uncertainty Over Implementation
The agreement's fragility was highlighted when Vice President Vance delayed negotiations in Switzerland, raising questions about its durability. Meanwhile, Israel's continued strikes in Lebanon have underscored the challenges of enforcing the ceasefire. The U.S. has left the door open to further military action if Iran fails to comply with the agreement.