Fireworks displays for the Fourth of July are expected to cause hazardous air quality levels in parts of Southern California, according to air quality officials. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD) issued an advisory warning of unhealthy pollution levels in central and southern Los Angeles County, northern Orange County, and Riverside and San Bernardino counties from 5 p.m. Saturday through 3 p.m. Sunday. The advisory attributes the spike to light winds and increased firework activity, which will likely lead to lingering soot and particulates through Sunday afternoon.
Health Risks and Vulnerable Groups
Firework-related pollution can trigger respiratory and cardiovascular issues, including coughs, asthma flares, and even heart attacks, according to Los Angeles County Public Health. The American Lung Association warns that home fireworks are particularly dangerous, as pollutants are released closer to the ground. Children, older adults, pregnant women, and individuals with lung or heart disease are especially vulnerable to the health risks posed by firework smoke.
Pollution Composition and Long-Term Effects
The smoke from fireworks contains harmful particles and gases, including sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and toxic metals like aluminum, manganese, and cadmium. Some illegal fireworks may also contain lead, which the American Lung Association describes as "extremely dangerous." Fine particle pollution from fireworks has been linked to serious health consequences, including heart attacks, stroke, lung cancer, and premature death. Air pollution levels increase by an average of 42% on the Fourth of July, according to a 2015 study.
Regional Impact and Historical Context
July 4 and 5 are traditionally among the worst days of the year for air quality in the region, according to the South Coast AQMD. The advisory notes that pollution levels will build from dusk onward on Saturday, with light winds preventing the dispersal of smoke and particulates. The lingering pollution is expected to dissipate by Sunday afternoon as winds pick up.