The Library of Congress has unveiled a rare, original draft of the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson, featuring edits from fellow Founding Fathers Benjamin Franklin and John Adams. The exhibit, titled 'The Declaration's Promise,' opened this month and will run through July 2027, coinciding with America's semiquincentennial.
Core Facts and Edits
The document showcases revisions made to Jefferson's initial draft, including the substitution of 'citizens' for 'subjects' and the change from 'sacred and undeniable' to 'self-evident' rights. Notably, the phrase 'all men are created equal' underwent significant evolution, with historians noting it initially applied primarily to White men, excluding women, enslaved individuals, and Native Americans.
Historical Context and Evolution
Ryan Reft, lead curator for the exhibit, emphasized that the Declaration's language, despite its limitations, provided a foundation for future equality movements. The exhibit also includes other historical documents, such as Abraham Lincoln's draft of the Gettysburg Address, which underscores the nation's ongoing struggle for equality. Additionally, the collection features a Declaration of Rights read by Susan B. Anthony in support of women's suffrage.
Expert Insights
Kevin Butterfield, acting chief of the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress, highlighted the collaborative nature of the Declaration's drafting process. He noted that the edits reflected the Founding Fathers' deliberate efforts to craft a document that would resonate with the principles of liberty and self-governance.
Long-Term Implications
The exhibit aims to explore the Declaration's enduring promise and its role in shaping the nation's identity. By displaying the draft alongside other pivotal documents, the Library of Congress invites visitors to reflect on the Declaration's historical significance and its relevance to contemporary discussions about equality and democracy.