A batch of 16 Russian satellites launched on July 19 has failed to reach their intended orbit, according to publicly available data from the U.S. Space Force.
The Rassvet-3 satellites, developed by Bureau 1440, were designed to operate at an altitude of roughly 500 miles. However, tracking data shows they are currently orbiting between 190 and 250 miles, where atmospheric drag significantly shortens their operational lifespan. Without corrective measures, the satellites will gradually descend and burn up upon re-entering Earth’s atmosphere.
This marks the second launch of Rassvet-3 satellites, bringing the total number launched to 32. The first batch, deployed earlier, also faced challenges, with a 37.5% success rate to date.
Early signs of failure
Issues with the second batch were first identified by Anatoly Zak, a journalist and operator of RussianSpaceWeb, who noted in early August that two of the satellites were already descending toward re-entry. Positional data indicates that some satellites attempted maneuvers to climb to higher altitudes, but none have yet reached the operational orbit.
Context and implications
Russia has prioritized the development of Rassvet-3 as an alternative to Starlink, following the February 1 cutoff of satellite internet services to Russian forces by SpaceX. The Kremlin has framed the constellation as a critical capability to reduce dependence on Western technology.
Analysts suggest the apparent failure of the latest batch may indicate unpreparedness in accelerating the constellation’s deployment, potentially leading to further delays. The exact cause of the malfunction remains unclear, and Bureau 1440 has not issued a public statement regarding the issue.