NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has identified a new crater on the moon’s near side, measuring 728 feet (222 meters) across and up to 141 feet (43 meters) deep. The crater formed between April 11 and May 22, 2024, following the impact of an asteroid or comet fragment estimated to be the size of a three- to six-story building.
The discovery was confirmed in early 2025 after LRO’s wide-angle images, initially overlooked in data processing, were analyzed in August 2025. Researchers described the event as a statistically rare occurrence, estimating such impacts happen only once every 132 years. The crater, named after the late Thomas McGetchin, a former director of Houston’s Lunar and Planetary Institute, is three times larger than the previous record-holder identified by LRO a decade ago.
Immediate detection challenges
The impact went undetected in real time by telescopes on Earth and in space. LRO’s delayed identification of the crater in its data highlights the challenges of monitoring lunar surface changes. The spacecraft later captured detailed images in fall 2024, confirming the discovery.
Scientific significance
The event provides a rare opportunity for researchers studying lunar geology and impact dynamics. NASA is using such data to inform plans for future lunar bases, as the moon’s surface preserves records of solar system history. The crater’s formation also offers insights into the frequency and scale of impacts on celestial bodies.
Context: The moon’s impact history
The moon’s surface is marked by numerous craters, including some of the solar system’s largest. The newly discovered site adds to the understanding of recent lunar activity, contrasting with ancient, larger formations. Scientists note that while the moon is frequently struck by smaller objects, large-scale impacts like this are uncommon.
Technical details
- Crater dimensions: 728 feet wide, 141 feet deep.
- Impact timing: Between April 11 and May 22, 2024.
- Object size: Three- to six-story building.
- Detection: Identified in LRO data in August 2025, confirmed early 2025.