Iran has launched nearly 5,000 missiles and drones at Gulf countries in retaliation for a US-Israel strike that killed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei on February 28, 2026. The attacks targeted US bases, hotels, and oil refineries in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, and the UAE, according to Al Arabiya.
As drone warfare becomes more sophisticated, so does the technology to counter it. Traditional anti-drone systems, like the £3 million Aster 30 missile, are being replaced by smaller, more affordable options such as Saab's Nimbrix missiles. However, experts warn that total air defense is impossible, forcing nations to prioritize protection for critical targets.
The Limits of Air Defense
Military analysts emphasize that no country can defend every target in a large-scale conflict. Ukraine, despite advanced air defenses, continues to face regular strikes. US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth acknowledged that robust defenses do not guarantee stopping all attacks. Justin Bronk of the Royal United Services Institute called efforts to build vast protective shields "misguided," citing limitations in systems, funding, and personnel.
The Rising Cost of Defense
Defending all of Europe from Russian strikes would require the entire European military budget, according to experts. Mattias Eken of RAND noted that "some things will get through" in any large-scale attack. The complexity of modern threats, including drones and missiles, complicates air defense strategies further.
Prioritizing Protection
Former Australian Army Maj. Gen. Mick Ryan stressed that tough choices must be made in defense. Nations must decide which targets to protect, as resources are finite. The escalating drone warfare in Ukraine and the Middle East highlights the need for adaptive defense strategies.